Clinical and Microbiological Evaluation of Povidone-Iodine 10% as an Adjunct to Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy in Chronic Periodontitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

AIM: To evaluate the clinical and microbiological effects of irrigation with 10% povidone-iodine (PVP-I) as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in the treatment of chronic periodontitis (ChP). METHODS: Thirty-six subjects with ChP were randomly assigned to receive SRP + irrigation with saline solution (control group) or SRP + irrigation with 10% PVP-I (test group). Subjects received clinical and microbiological evaluation at baseline, 30 and 90 days post-treatment. Six subgingival plaque samples/subject were collected at each time point and individually analyzed for 40 bacterial species by checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization. RESULTS: No statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups at 90 days post-treatment. At 30 days, the test group presented with lower levels of Tannerella forsythia and lower proportions of red complex pathogens in comparison to the control group. However, these benefits were not maintained at 90 days. CONCLUSION: The results of this study were unable to show a significant clinical benefit from the adjunctive use of 10% PVP-I in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. However, the microbiological benefit observed with the use of this substance at 30 days might indicate a role for PVP-I in periodontal care, possibly through its repeated application during supportive therapy.

Estudo da ação local do risendronato de sódio na periodontite experimental induzida em ratas / Study of local action of sodium risendronate in experimentally induced periodontitis in rats

O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o efeito do uso local de uma solução aquosa de risendronato de sódio (RS) em diferentes concentrações na inibição da perda óssea alveolar decorrente de periodontite experimental induzida em ratas. Os 48 animais foram divididos em 2 grupos constituídos por 24 animais: GD (dupla aplicação) e GU (única aplicação). Os dois grupos foram subdivididos em 8 subgrupos: R1 (duas aplicações de 0,125 mg de RS), R2 (duas aplicações de 0,25 mg de RS), R3 (duas aplicações de 0,5 mg de RS) e A1 (duas aplicações de água destilada); R4 (uma aplicação de 0,125 mg de RS), R5 (uma aplicação de 0,25 mg de RS), R6 (uma aplicação de 0,5 mg de RS) e A2 (uma aplicação de água destilada). Foi induzida a periodontite pela confecção de ligaduras ao redor dos primeiros molares inferiores direitos em todos os animais. Nos grupos A1 e A2, os molares contralaterais serviram de controles negativos (C1 e C2). A medicação foi aplicada aos 5 e 10 dias após indução da periodontite nos animais do GD, e nos animais do GU apenas aos 10 dias. Decorrente 15 dias os animais foram submetidos à eutanásia. Foram feitas análises histológica, histomorfométrica, imuno-histoquímica anti-osteocalcina e enzimo-histoquímica para TRAP (fosfatase ácida tartarato resistente). Os grupos que receberam RS exibiram maior volume trabecular da crista óssea remanescente que o controle significante estatísticamente, mas não foram observados diferenças entre os grupos tratados. A perda óssea alveolar foi menor nos grupos tratados com risendronato comparado com controle e foi dose-dependente. Os grupos que receberam a menor dose (R1 e R4) apresentaram menor perda óssea estatisticamente significante que os de dose intermediária (R2 e R5), que por sua vez exibiram menores índices comparados com os de doses maiores (R3 e R6). O número de aplicações, no entanto, não exibiu significância estátistica. O número de células TRAP-positivas foi menor no grupo R1, comparado com controle...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the local use of an aqueous solution ofsodium risendronate (RS) at different concentrations on the inhibition of alveolar bone loss caused by experimental periodontitis induced in rats. The 48 animals were divided into two groups consisting of 24 animals: GD (double application) and GU (one application). The two groups were subdivided into eight subgroups:A1 (two applications of 0.125 mg RS), R2 (two applications of 0.25 mg RS), R3 (two applications of 0.5 mg RS) and A1 (two applications of distilled water), and R4 (one application of 0.125 mg RS), R5 (one application of 0.25 mg RS), R6 (one application of 0.5 mg RS) and A2 (one applications with distilled water). Periodontitis was induced in first molars in all animals. In groups A1 and A2, thecontralateral molars served as controls (C1 and C2). The medication was appliedat 5 and 10 days after induction of periodontitis in animals of GD, and animals of GU only after 10 days. After 15 days the animals were euthanized. Analysis was performed on histological, histomorphometric, immunohistochemical antiosteocalcinand enzimo histochemical for TRAP (tartrate resistant acid phosphatase). The groups that received RS exhibited greater volume of trabecular bone crest that controlling statistically significant, but no differences were observed between treated groups. The alveolar bone loss was lower in treated groups compared with placebo and was dose-dependent. The groups that received the lowest dose (R1 and R4) showed statistically significant less bone loss than the intermediate dose (R2 and R5), which in turn exhibited lower rates compared with higher doses (R3 and R6). The two types of approaches, however, did not show statistical significance. The number of TRAP-positive cells was lower in group R1 compared with control, but not statistically different thanthe other treated groups...

Produtos finais de glicosilação avançada (age) e a exacerbação da doença periodontal em diabéticos: revisão de literatura / Advanced glycation end products (AGE) and the exacerbation of periodontal disease in diabetics patients: review

Os estudos sobre a patogênese das complicações do diabete têm se direcionado a investigar o papel de compostos biologicamente ativos formados através de ligação da glicose com proteínas ou lipídios, conhecido como AGEs (produtos finais de glicosilação avançada) e a interação com receptores específicos na superfície de membrana celulares (RAGE). Esses compostos e seus receptores estão drasticamente aumentados em indivíduos diabéticos e possuem um papel biopatológico extremamente importante no desenvolvimento e na exacerbação das complicações diabéticas. Sendo o diabete uma condição sistêmica considerada um fator de risco na prevalência e severidade da doença periodontal, faz-se necessário entender os mecanismos dessa interação entre essas doenças e as possíveis alternativas de tratamento. O objetivo desse trabalho é esclarecer o mecanismo de formação de AGEs, bem como suas implicações no processo inflamatório, inclusive na patogeniada doença periodontal e enfatizar as pesquisas que visam interferir na formação ou interação dessas moléculas, a fim de minimizarmos os efeitos da condição sistêmica dos diabéticos.

The complications of diabetes mellitus have been extensively investigated by studies on the pathology of this disease, with the purpose to understand the role of AGEs (advanced glycation end products), active biological components formed through association of glucose with proteins or lipids, as well as their interaction with specific receptor localized in the cellular membrane (RAGE). It has been shown that the AGE-RAGE system increased remarkably in diabetic conditions and has an important participation in the development or exacerbation of diabetic complications. Since the diabetic status is a risk factor in the prevalence and severity of periodontal disease, efforts are necessary to understand the cellular mechanisms involved with AGEs andRAGE in the periodontal disease and possible alternatives of dental treatment. Thus, the aim of this review addresses concerns about how the AGE-RAGE system is produced as well as its implications in the inflammatory process, including the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. We emphasize theongoing research concerning the formation or interaction of the AGE-RAGE system in order to improve quality of life among patients in the diabetic status...